Design of $100 Laptop for Kids Unveiled

[Marco Trotta]

Fonte:
http://news.yahoo.com:80/s/ap/20050928/ap_on_hi_te/hundred_dollar_laptop;_ylt=A9G_RyF3ETtD510BvxIjtBAF;_ylu=X3oDMTBiMW04NW9mBHNlYwMlJVRPUCUl&printer=1
Design of $100 Laptop for Kids Unveiled
By BRIAN BERGSTEIN, AP Technology Writer

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. - The $100 laptop computers that Massachusetts Institute
of Technology researchers want to get into the hands of the world's
children would be durable, flexible and self-reliant.

 The machines' AC adapter would double as a carrying strap, and a hand
crank would power them when there's no electricity. They'd be foldable into
more positions than traditional notebook PCs, and carried like slim
lunchboxes.

For outdoor reading, their display would be able to shift from full color
to glare-resistant black and white.

And surrounding it all, the laptops would have a rubber casing that closes
tightly, because "they have to be absolutely indestructible," said Nicholas
Negroponte, the MIT Media Lab leader who offered an update on the project
Wednesday.

Negroponte hatched the $100 laptop idea after seeing children in a
Cambodian village benefit from having notebook computers at school that
they could also tote home to use on their own.

Those computers had been donated by a foundation run by Negroponte and his
wife. He decided that for kids everywhere to benefit from the educational
and communications powers of the Internet, someone would have to make
laptops inexpensive enough for officials in developing countries to
purchase en masse. At least that's Negroponte's plan.

Within a year, Negroponte expects his nonprofit One Laptop Per Child to get
5 million to 15 million of the machines in production, when children in
Brazil, China, Egypt, Thailand, South Africa are due to begin getting them.

In the second year - when Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney hopes to start
buying them for all 500,000 middle and high-school students in this state -
Negroponte envisions 100 million to 150 million being made. (He boasts that
these humble $100 notebooks would surpass the world's existing annual
production of laptops, which is about 50 million.)

While a prototype isn't expected to be shown off until November, Negroponte
unveiled blueprints at Technology Review magazine's Emerging Technologies
conference at MIT.

Among the key specs: A 500-megahertz processor (that was fast in the 1990s
but slow by today's standards) by Advanced Micro Devices Inc. and flash
memory instead of a hard drive with moving parts. To save on software
costs, the laptops would run the freely available Linux operating system
instead of Windows.

The computers would be able to connect to Wi-Fi wireless networks and be
part of "mesh" networks in which each laptop would relay data to and from
other devices, reducing the need for expensive base stations. Plans call
for the machines to have four USB ports for multimedia and data storage.

Perhaps the defining difference is the hand crank, though first-generation
users would get no more than 10 minutes of juice from one minute of winding.

This certainly wouldn't be the first effort to bridge the world's so-called
digital divide with inexpensive versions of fancy machinery. Other attempts
have had a mixed record.

With those in mind, Negroponte says his team is addressing ways this
project could be undermined.

For example, to keep the $100 laptops from being widely stolen or sold off
in poor countries, he expects to make them so pervasive in schools and so
distinctive in design that it would be "socially a stigma to be carrying
one if you are not a student or a teacher." He compared it to filching a
mail truck or taking something from a church: Everyone would know where it
came from.

As a result, he expects to keep no more than 2 percent of the machines from
falling into a murky "gray market."

And unlike the classic computing model in which successive generations of
devices get more gadgetry at the same price, Negroponte said his group
expects to do the reverse. With such tweaks as "electronic ink" displays
that will require virtually no power, the MIT team expects to constantly
lower the cost.

After all, in much of the world, Negroponte said, even $100 "is still too
expensive."